CDAMP Module IV DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY VOCABULARY WORKSHEET

Directions: Using Delmar’s “Dental Assisting, A Comprehensive Approach”, 4th Edition, by Phinney & Halstead, 2013, Chapters 21, 22, & 23, define the following terms:

SECTION 1 – INTRODUCTION TO DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY, Chap. 21

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen:

Roentgen:

Dr. C. Edmond Kells:

Dr. William Rollins:

Dr. William D. Coolidge:

Dr. Howard Rober:

Frank McCormack:

Position indicator device (PID):

Electromagnetic energy:

Wavelength:

Short:

Long:

Ionization:

Primary radiation:

Secondary radiation:

Scatter radiation:

Leakage radiation:

Radiation units of measurement:

R:

Rad/GY:

Rem/Sv:

mr:

rbe:

c/kg:

Mitosis:

Somatic cells:

Genetic cells:

Somatic effect:

Genetic effect:

Cell radiosensitivity:

ALARA:

Maximum permissible dose (MPD):

Cummulative/ long-term effect:

Latent period:

Control panel:

Milliamperage (mA):

Kilovoltage (kV):

Electronic timer:

Milliamperage seconds:

Contrast:

Density:

X-ray tube:

Focusing cup:

Focal spot:

Central beam:

Collimator/lead diaphragm:

Responsibility for safety:

manufacturer’s responsibility:

dentist’s responsibility:

dental assistant’s responsibility:

patient’s responsibility:

List additional ways to reduce radiation exposure: 

Thermionic emission:

Explain how energy is generated and radiation is produced in the tube head of the x-ray machine: 

 

 

Composition of dental x-ray film-

  1.  
  2.  
  3.  
  4.  

Film speeds:

Film sizes-

  1. 0-
  2. 1-
  3. 2-
  4. 3-
  5. 4-

Parts and purposes of a dental film packet-

  1.  
  2.  
  3.  
  4.  

Storage of dental film:

 

SECTION – 2  RADIOGRAPH PRODUCTION AND EVALUATION OF DENTAL RADIOPGRAPHS, Chap. 22

Quality radiograph:

Infection control & safety protocol:

Barriers:

personal protective equipment (PPE):

lead apron:

paper cup:

disinfectant spray:

autoclaving:

What items should be removed from patient before radiographs are taken?

 

 

Why?

 

 

Control of active gag reflex:

Periapical radiograph: 

Bite-wing radiograph:

Occlusal radiograph:

Bisecting technique:

Disadvantages:

Paralleling technique:

Vertical angulation:

Horizontal angulation:

Film holder devices:

Film positioning:

maxillary incisors (centered at):

maxillary cuspid shot (centered at):

maxillary premolar shot (centered at):

maxillary molar shot (centered at):

mandibular incisors shot (centered at):

mandibular cuspid shot (centered at):

mandibular premolar shot (centered at):

mandibular molar shot (centered at):

premolar bite-wing shot (centered at):

molar bite-wing shot (centered at):

Full-mouth radiographic series:

Bite-wing series:

Topographic technique for occlusal radiographs:

Maxillary view:

Mandibular view:

Cross-section technique:

Maxillary view:

Mandibular view:

Pediatric radiographs, special concerns:

Edentulous radiographic survey, special concerns: 

 

Endodontic radiographic technique, special concerns: 

 

Taking x-rays on special needs and compromised patients, special concerns: 

 

Darkroom set up:

Safelight:

Solutions:

Temperature:

Replenishing: 

Manual processing tanks & cover:

Water thermometer:

Stirring rods:

Timer:

Film hangers/processing racks:

Dental x-ray dryer:

Developer solution:

Hydroquinone:

Elon:

sodium carbonate:

sodium sulfite:

potassium bromide:

Fixer solution:

sodium thiosulfate:

acetic acid:

potassium alum:

Staining:

Water bath:

OSHA Guidelines for disposing developer & fixer:

 

 

Procedure steps for manual processing – (18):

 

 

 

 

Automatic processor:

Automatic processing solutions:

Procedure steps – (9):

 

 

 

 

Care of the automatic processor:

 

SECTION – 2 RADIOGRAPH EVALUATION & MOUNTING – Chapter 22

Common radiographic errors:

Distortion:

Elongation:

Foreshortening:

Overlapping:

Cone cutting:

Clear film:

Double exposure:

Blurred image:

Underexposed film:

Overexposed film:

Radiopaque film images: 

Herringbone pattern:

Light film image:

Dark film image:

Fogged film:

Partial image:

Film artifacts:

Torn or scratched film:

Air bubbles:

Reticulation:

Streaks:

Duplication of radiographs:

Anatomical landmarks:

Radiopacity:

Radiolucency:

Mandibular landmarks:

mental foramen:

external oblique ridge:

trabecular patterns:

alveolar crest:

retromolar area:

mandibular foramen:

condyle:

coronoid process:

border of the mandible:

symphysis:

Maxillary landmarks:

hard palate:

nasal septum:

nasal cavities:

maxillary sinuses:

orbit:

maxillary tuberosity:

Artifacts & conditions shown on radiographs:

Raised/convex dot on radiograph:

Labial mounting:

Lingual mounting:

X-ray view box:

Film mount styles & sizes:

Storage of patient radiographs:

Legal implications: 

SECTION – 3 EXTRAORAL & DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY – Chap. 23

Extraoral radiographs: 

Panoramic radiography:

Tomography:

Rotational centers:

Focal trough:

Panoramic unit:

Cassette film holder:

Intensifying screens:

Rare earth phosphors:

Panoramic exposure:

Lead apron:

 Patient positioning:

Explaining procedure to patient:

Exposure technique:

Ghost image:

Bite block:

Midsaggital plane:

Frankfort plane:

Tongue position:

Cephalometric radiograph:

Lateral jaw radiograph:

Transcranial temporomandibular joint radiograph:

Anatomical landmarks:

Radiopaque structures:

Radiolucent structures:

Superimposition:

CT scan (computed tomography):

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging):

Digital radiography:

Fundamental concepts of digital radiography:

Analog image:

Digital imaging:

Direct:

Indirect:

Storage phosphor imaging:

Pixels (picture elements):

Gray scale:

Digital x-ray machine:

Sensor (image detector):

Charge-coupled device (CCD):

Computer:

Software:

Advantages of digital radiography:

 

 

Disadvantages of digital radiography:

 

 

Preparation of equipment:

Preparation of patient:

Taking exposure:

Direct imaging:

Indirect imaging:

After exposure:

3-Dimensional Imaging in dentistry:

Uses:

Benefits:

Patient preparation:

Hand-held Intraoral Radiography: